equites decuriati L

1) делить на декурии (десятки) ( equites decuriati L)

2) разбивать народ на группы (d. tribules C)

1) декурион, командир декурии Cs, T etc.

2) сенатор, советник (в римск. муниципиях и колониях) C etc.; pl. сенат (там же) C etc.

3) начальник дворцовой прислуги Su

1. decurio, āvī, ātum, āre (decuria), nach Dekurien (Rotten von zehn Mann) abteilen, in Dekurien einteilen, a) als milit. t. t.: suā voluntate ipsi inter se equites decuriati, centuriati pedites coniurabant etc., Liv. 22, 38, 3. – b) als. publiz. t. t., das Volk, um es in einzelnen Abteilungen zu bestechen, aufzuwiegeln usw., homines vicatim, Cic.: tribules, Cic.: rursus improbos, Cic.: ut sodalitates decuriatique discederent, Cic.: absol., decuriasse Plancium, Cic.

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2. decurio, ōnis, m. (decuria), der Vorsteher einer Dekurie, der Dekurio, a) als Führer einer Reiterdekurie (Rotte), der Rottmeister (s. Varro LL. 5, 19. Veget. mil. 2, 14), d. equitum Gallorum, Caes. b. G. 1, 23, 2: d. equitum, Auct. b. Afr. 29, 4. Tac. ann. 13, 40; hist. 2, 29. – b) als Senator in Munizipien u. Kolonien, Ratsherr, Plur. = Senat, Cic. u.a.: decurionem (zum D.) facere alqm, Fronto: decuriones, quibus est ius dicendae sententiae, Stadtrichter, Apul. de mund. 35. – c) (= praefectus) als Vorsteher des Personals einer Hofscharge, cubiculariorum, Kammerherr, Suet. Dom. 17, 2.

centŭrĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [centuria], to divide into centuries (acc. to centuria, I.).

Of land:

agrum,

Hyg. Lim. p. 195 Goes.; cf. Fest. p. 53 Müll.—

Of the army (only of infantry; cf. decurio), to arrange in centuries, assign to companies:

cum homines in tribunali Aurelio palam conscribi centuriarique vidissem,

Cic. Red. Quir. 5, 13: rem gerit palam (Octavius); centuriat Capuae;

dinumerat. Jam jamque vides bellum,

id. Att. 16, 9 fin.:

juventutem,

Liv. 25, 15, 9:

seniores quoque,

id. 6, 2, 6; 29, 1, 2:

equites decuriati, centuriati pedites,

id. 22, 38, 3; so id. 10, 21, 4:

Juventus Romana... equis delapsa se ipsam centuriavit,

i. e. reduced to infantry, Val. Max. 3, 2, n. 8: mulus centuriatus, for carrying provisions, Aur. ap. Vop. Aur. 7, 7.—

Facetiously:

eripiam ego hodie concubinam militi, Si centuriati bene sunt maniplares mei,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 3; cf. id. Curc. 4, 4, 29.—

Of the people in the meeting of the council, only part. perf.: comitia centuriata, in which all the Roman people voted according to centuries (this was done in the choice of higher magistrates, in decisions in respect to war and peace, and, until Sulla's time, in questions affecting life or citizenship; cf. Messala ap. Gell. 13, 15, 4; Lael. Felix ib. 15, 27, 4; Cic. Red. Sen. 11, 27), Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44:

quod ad populum centuriatis comitiis tulit,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19; Liv. 3, 55, 3; 8, 12, 15.—Facetiously:

Pseudolus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,

i. e. has sentenced me to death, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 134 Lorenz ad loc.—Hence, P. a.: centŭrĭā-tus, a, um, of or belonging to the comitia centuriata: Centuriata lex, advised in the comitia centuriata, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26.

centŭrĭo (in many inscriptions before the time of Quintilian erroneously aspirated chenturio, like ch oronae, prae ch ones, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ōnis, m. (access. form centŭrĭōnus, like curionus and decurionus, acc. to Fest. p. 49 Müll.) [centuria, II.], the commander of a century, a captain, centurion, occupying a station below the tribunus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 25; 6, 39; Cic. Balb. 15, 34; Sall. J. 59, 3; Liv. 2, 27, 6; 7, 41, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 73; cf. Dict. of Antiq.

centŭrĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [centuria], to divide into centuries (acc. to centuria, I.).

Of land:

agrum,

Hyg. Lim. p. 195 Goes.; cf. Fest. p. 53 Müll.—

Of the army (only of infantry; cf. decurio), to arrange in centuries, assign to companies:

cum homines in tribunali Aurelio palam conscribi centuriarique vidissem,

Cic. Red. Quir. 5, 13: rem gerit palam (Octavius); centuriat Capuae;

dinumerat. Jam jamque vides bellum,

id. Att. 16, 9 fin.:

juventutem,

Liv. 25, 15, 9:

seniores quoque,

id. 6, 2, 6; 29, 1, 2:

equites decuriati, centuriati pedites,

id. 22, 38, 3; so id. 10, 21, 4:

Juventus Romana... equis delapsa se ipsam centuriavit,

i. e. reduced to infantry, Val. Max. 3, 2, n. 8: mulus centuriatus, for carrying provisions, Aur. ap. Vop. Aur. 7, 7.—

Facetiously:

eripiam ego hodie concubinam militi, Si centuriati bene sunt maniplares mei,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 3; cf. id. Curc. 4, 4, 29.—

Of the people in the meeting of the council, only part. perf.: comitia centuriata, in which all the Roman people voted according to centuries (this was done in the choice of higher magistrates, in decisions in respect to war and peace, and, until Sulla's time, in questions affecting life or citizenship; cf. Messala ap. Gell. 13, 15, 4; Lael. Felix ib. 15, 27, 4; Cic. Red. Sen. 11, 27), Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44:

quod ad populum centuriatis comitiis tulit,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19; Liv. 3, 55, 3; 8, 12, 15.—Facetiously:

Pseudolus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,

i. e. has sentenced me to death, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 134 Lorenz ad loc.—Hence, P. a.: centŭrĭā-tus, a, um, of or belonging to the comitia centuriata: Centuriata lex, advised in the comitia centuriata, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26.

centŭrĭo (in many inscriptions before the time of Quintilian erroneously aspirated chenturio, like ch oronae, prae ch ones, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ōnis, m. (access. form centŭrĭōnus, like curionus and decurionus, acc. to Fest. p. 49 Müll.) [centuria, II.], the commander of a century, a captain, centurion, occupying a station below the tribunus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 25; 6, 39; Cic. Balb. 15, 34; Sall. J. 59, 3; Liv. 2, 27, 6; 7, 41, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 73; cf. Dict. of Antiq.

dĕcŭrĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [decuria], to divide into decuriae.

Prop.:

equites decuriati, centuriati pedites,

Liv. 22, 38, v. preced. art.—Esp. to divide the people into companies or clubs for purposes of bribery and corruption:

servorum delectus habebatur... cum vicatim homines conscriberentur, decuriarentur,

Cic. Sest. 15:

decuriasse Plancium, conscripsisse, etc.,

id. Planc. 18, 45; cf. ib. 19, 47; id. Phil. 7, 6, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5, and v. decuriatio.—

Trop.:

vertex incrementis lustralibus decuriatus,

i. e. of a man ten lustres old, Mart. Cap. 1, p. 1.

dĕcŭrĭo, ōnis (also DECURES decuriones, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 22, and 75, 9 Müll.;

and DECVRIONVS, the same,

ib. 49, 16), m. [id.], the head or chief of a decuria, a decurion. The name was first given by Romulus to the head of the tenth part of a curia (cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, p. 354). In the army, the commander of a decuria of cavalry, Varr. L. L. 5, § 91 Müll.; Veget. Mil. 2, 14; Caes. B. C. 1, 23; 1, 13; Tac. A. 13, 40; id. H. 2, 29. After the extension of the Roman dominion, the members of the senate of the municipia and the colonies were called decuriones, Dig. 50, 16, 239; 50, 2; Cod. Just. 10, 31; Cic. Sest. 4, 10; id. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Clu. 14, 41; Vulg. Marc. 15, 43.—Sometimes i. q. praefectus, applied to the overseer of the persons employed in any duty about the court, e. g. a head-chamberlain:

cubiculariorum,

Suet. Dom. 17, PROCVLVS DECVRIO GERMANORVM (i. e. custodum corporis) TI. GERMANICI, Inscr. Orell. 2923.

conjūrō, āvi, ātum ( part. conjuratus in act. sense; v. II. infra), 1, v. n. and a., to swear together, or one with another, to band or combine together by an oath.

In a good sense (rare but class.):

simul omne tumultu Conjurat trepido Latium,

Verg. A. 8, 5 Serv.:

ipsi inter sese decuriati equites... conjurabant sese fugae ergo non abituros, etc.,

Liv. 22, 38, 4; 26, 25, 11:

in Trojam,

Mel. 2, 3, 6.—And in a Greek constr.:

Graecia conjurata tuas rumpere nuptias,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 7 (cf. under II.):

inter nos conjuravimus, ego cum illo et ille mecum, etc.,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 38: equites Romanos conjurasse omnes, ut transitionem facerent, Auct. B. Hisp. 26.— Impers.:

si ab omnibus in legem Dei conjuraretur,

Lact. 5, 8, 8.—

Esp., of the milit. oath, taken at enlistment: senatus consultum, ut omnes juniores Italiae conjurarent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1 Doberenzad loc.:

milites sociique navales conjurati,

Liv. 45, 2, 1; cf.:

agmina conjurata,

Ov. M. 5, 150.—Honce,

Poet., transf. to inanim. things:

conjuratae sequuntur Mille rates, for conjuratorum,

Ov. M. 12, 6.—

In gen., to unite, be united:

(studium, ingenium): alterius sic Altera poscit opem res et conjurat amice,

Hor. A. P. 411:

conjurati venti,

Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 98; cf. id. B. Get. 49.—

Act., to assent to by an oath: quae jurat, mens est: nil conjuravimus illa, Ps.-Ov. H. 21, 135 (v the pass. in connection).—

In a bad sense, to form a conspiracy or plot, to conspire (very freq.): tu verbis conceptis conjuravisti sciens sciente animo tuo, P. Afric. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 11, 9:

inter se,

Sall. J. 66, 2:

cum aliquo in omne flagitium et facinus,

Liv. 39, 16, 5; cf.:

in facinora,

id. 39, 16, 3:

in Philippi caedem,

Curt. 7, 1, 6:

cum totā Italiā pro partibus suis (sc. Antonii),

Suet. Aug. 17: in mortem patris, * Quint. 4, 2, 72:

contra rem publicam,

Cic. Sull. 25, 70:

contra populum Romanum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3:

de interficiendo Cn. Pompeio,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

haec (tecta) incendere,

Liv. 27, 3, 4:

ut urbem incenderent,

id. 4, 45, 1:

ut quaestio de iis habeatur, qui coierint conjurarintve, quo stuprum flagitiumve inferretur,

id. 39, 14, 8.— Absol.:

ut cupiam conjurare, si quisquam recipiat,

Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2.—In a Gr. constr. with inf.:

patriam incendere,

Sall. C. 52, 24 Kritz; cf.:

caelum rescindere,

Verg. G. 1, 280.—Hence, subst.: conjū-rāti, ōrum, m., conspirators, Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20; Sall. C. 52, 17; Suet. Caes. 17; 80; 82; id. Tib. 9; id. Claud. 11.—

Poet., transf., of inanim, things:

conjurata arma,

Ov. M. 15, 763 (cf. supra, I. 2.):

Ister,

Verg. G. 2, 497.

1. centurio, āvī, ātum, āre (centuria), in od. nach Zenturien einteilen, -abteilen, u. zwar (nach centuria I-III): I) die Legionstruppen: c. iuventutem, Liv.: inter sese decuriati equites, centuriati pedites coniurabant, die Reiter in ihren Dekurien, das Fußvolk in seinen Zenturien, Liv.: iuventus Romana... equis delapsa se ipsam centuriavit, d.i. kämpfte zenturien-, kompagnienweise, Val. Max. – absol., centuriat Capuae, Cic. – Scherzh., eripiam ego hodie concubinam militi, si centuriati bene sunt (gut organisiert) maniplares mei, Plaut. mil. 815. – mulus centuriatus, der jeder Zenturie zugeteilte Proviantmaulesel, der Maulesel der Zenturie (Kompagnie), Aurel. bei Vopisc. Aurel. 7. § 7. – II) die röm. Bürger; dah. comitia centuriata, die Zenturiatkomitien = die Versammlung des röm. Volkes, in denen es nach Zenturien stimmte (bei der Wahl der höhern Magistrate, bei Entschließungen über Krieg und Frieden, übb. bei allen bedeutenden Verhandlungen), Cic.: Pseudolus mihi centuriata habuit capitis comitia, hat das Todesurteil über mein Dasein ausgesprochen, Plaut. Pseud. 1232. – centuriata lex, in den Zenturiatkomitien beraten, Cic. – III) Äcker, agrum, Gromat. vet. 120, 3 u. 204, 5.

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2. centurio, ōnis, m. (centuria), der Befehlshaber einer Zenturie, der Zenturio, Cic. u.a.: c. classiarius, Marinekapitän, Tac. ann. 14, 8 (u. so centurio ex triere Neptuno, Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 3375): cohortes sibi quaeque centuriones legerunt, Liv. 3, 69, 8.

* * *

sā̆crāmentum, i, n. [sacro].

In good class. Lat., a jurid. and milit. t. t.

Jurid. t. t., the sum which the two parties to a suit at first deposited, but afterwards became bound for, with the tresviri capitales; so called because the sum deposited by the losing party was used for religious purposes, esp. for the sacra publica; v. Fest. p. 344 Müll.; or, perh. more correctly, because the money was deposited in a sacred place; v. the foll. passage of Varro and Müller's note. (Another reason is given in Isid. Orig. 5, 24 fin.: sacramentum est pignus sponsionis; vocatum autem sacramentum, quia violare, quod quisque promittit, perfidia est): ea pecunia, quae in judicium venit in litibus, sacramentum a sacro. Qui petebat et qui infitiabatur, de aliis rebus utrique quingenos aeris ad pontem deponebant, de aliis rebus item certo alio legitimo numero assum;

qui judicio vicerat, suom sacramentum e sacro auferebat, victi ad aerarium redibat,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 180 Müll. N. cr.: qui prior vindicaverat, dicebat: quando tu injuria vindicavisti, de aeris sacramento te provoco; adversarius quoque dicebat: similiter ego te;

seu L. asses sacramenti nominabant... Postea praedes Praetor ab utroque accipiebat sacramenti, quod id in publicum cedebat,

Gai. Inst. 4, 16; cf. id. ib. 4, 16, § 13 sq.;

95: sacramenti autem nomine id aes dici coeptum est quod et propter aerarii inopiam et sacrorum publicorum multitudinem consumebatur id in rebus divinis,

Fest. p. 344 Müll.: cum in rem aliquam agerent litigatores et poena se sacramenti peterent, poscebant judicem, qui dabatur post trigesimum diem, Pseudo-Ascon. ad. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26 (p. 164 Orell.):

de multae sacramento consules comitiis centuriatis tulerunt,

Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 60.—

Meton., a cause, a civil suit or process:

decemviri re quaesitā et deliberatā sacramentum nostrum justum judicaverunt,

Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; cf.

transf. in gen.: homines graves, quibuscum tibi justo sacramento contendere, non liceret,

on equal terms, with a fair chance of success, id. de Or. 1, 10, 42: cetera... entechna et arguta adparebunt, ut sacramento contendas mea non esse, lay a wager, i. e. confidently assert, id. Fam. 7, 32, 2:

injustis vindiciis ac sacramentis ali enos fundos petere,

id. Mil. 27, 74: si Xviri [p. 1612] sacramentum in libertatem injustum judicassent, id. Dom. 29, 78.—

Milit. t. t. (cf. infra, 2, the passage from Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36), orig. the preliminary engagement entered into by newly-enlisted troops (this was followed by the proper military oath, jusjurandum, which was at first voluntary, but, after the second Punic war, was demanded by the military tribune): milites tum (i.e. 538 A.U.C.), quod numquam antea factum erat, jurejurando ab tribunis militum adacti milites [jussu consulis conventuros]: nam ad eam diem nihil praeter sacramentum fuerat;

et, ubi ad decuriatum aut centuriatum convenissent, suā voluntate ipsi inter sese decuriati equites, centuriati pedites conjurabant, sese fugae atque formidinis ergo non abituros neque ex ordine recessuros, nisi, etc.... Id ex voluntario inter ipsos foedere ad tribunos ac legitimam juris jurandi adactionem translatum,

Liv. 22, 38, 2 seq. Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. Front. Strat. 4, 1, 4; and v. Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 292 sq.—Hence, since that time,

For jusjurandum, the military oath of allegiance (very freq. and class.):

milites Domitianos sacramentum apud se dicere jubet,

to take the oath of allegiance, Caes. B. C. 1, 23; so,

sacramentum dicere,

id. ib. 1, 86 fin.:

quos consulis sacramento rogavisset,

id. B. G. 6, 1:

sacramentum dicere alicui,

Tac. A. 1, 28; and in a like signif. in Livy: sacramento (abl.) dicere, Liv. 2, 24 fin.; 4, 53; 25, 5; 41, 5 fin.:

sacramento dicere alicui,

id. 24, 8: ut omnes minores quinquaginta annis sacramento (abl.) rogaret, should administer the oath of allegiance to them, swear them in, id. 40, 26; so,

rogare (aliquos) sacramento,

id. 32, 26; 35, 2; Quint. 12, 2, 26;

in a like sense: adigere sacramento aliquos,

Liv. 4, 5; 7, 11; 9, 29; Tac. A. 1, 37; id. H. 1, 55:

adigere aliquos sacramento Othonis,

id. ib. 1, 76:

Vitellii,

id. ib. 2, 55:

Vespasiani,

id. ib. 2, 79:

adigere aliquos sacramento in nomen senatūs,

Suet. Galb. 16:

sacramento aliquem tenere... sacramento tenere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32; cf.:

secundo eum obliget militiae sacramento, quia, priore amisso, jure cum hostibus pugnare non poterat,

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (in which passage the primary jurid. signif. is alluded to):

ex quibus (legionibus) aetate aut valetudine fessi sacramento solvebantur,

Tac. A. 16, 13 fin.:

legionibus, quae sacramentum mutaverant, in paenitentiam conversis,

i. e. had revolted, Suet. Claud. 13; cf.:

paenitentia mutati sacramenti,

id. Galb. 10:

alicujus sacramentum exuere,

Tac. H. 3, 42:

hoc sacramento (viz. in the service of Bacchus) initiatos juvenes milites faciendos censetis?

Liv. 39, 15.—

Transf., in gen., an oath, a solemn obligation or engagement (mostly post-Aug.):

ut sacramento contendas mea non esse,

Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 2:

non ego perfidum Dixi sacramentum: ibimus, ibimus, etc.,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 10:

in verba Eumolpi sacramentum juravimus,

Petr. 117, 5:

amicitiae sacramentum delevi,

id. 80, 4:

sacramento quodam nexi,

Just. 20, 4, 14:

se sacramento obstringere, ne, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97), 7:

si quod inesset mutis animalibus tacitum ac naturale sacramentum,

App. M. 3, p. 140, 31.—

In eccl. and late Lat., something to be kept sacred.

A secret:

sacramentum regis abscondere,

Vulg. Tob. 12, 7.—

The gospel revelation: nolite verba, cum sacramentum meum Erit canendum, providenter quaerere, Prud. steph. 10,15.—

A mystery:

sacramentum stellarum,

Vulg. Apoc. 1, 20:

pietatis,

id. 1 Tim. 3, 16; Lact. 7, 24; Aug. de Agone Christi, 24.—

A sacrament:

signa, cum ad res divinas pertinent, sacramenta appellantur,

Aug. Ep. 138:

baptismi,

id. Doctr. Christ. 3, 13:

sanguinis Christi,

id. Ep. ad Bonif. 98, 9:

(matrimonii),

Vulg. Eph. 5, 32.—

The office of the ministry:

Athanasium episcopum... coctus in unum quaesitus (synodus ut appellant) removit a sacramento quod obtinebat,

Amm. 15, 7, 7.